How scars change during healing stages

How scars change during healing stages

Introduction

This guide provides clear first aid and prevention advice about how scars change during healing stages. It is designed for people in Canada who want to understand the healing process safely at home. This information is not a substitute for full medical training or professional care.

Scars form as the skin repairs itself after an injury. Knowing what to expect during each healing stage helps you care for your skin properly and avoid actions that could cause harm or delay healing.

In this section, you will learn:

• What happens to scars during the different healing stages
• Safe steps you can take at home to support healing
• What you should avoid doing to prevent complications
• When to seek urgent medical help or call 911

Always remember, if you notice signs of infection such as increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus, or if the wound suddenly worsens or you experience severe pain or fever, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency department immediately. Prompt action can prevent serious complications.

Medically reviewed by SASI Medical Review Board.

Key facts about how scars change during healing stages

Understanding how scars change during healing stages helps you care for wounds safely at home and know when to seek medical help.

• Scars form as the body repairs skin after injury, going through phases: inflammation, tissue formation, and remodeling.
• In the early stage, scars may appear red, swollen, or raised; this is normal and part of healing.
• Keeping the wound clean and covered with a sterile dressing reduces infection risk and supports proper healing.
• Avoid picking at scabs or scratching scars, as this can cause infection or worsen scarring.
• Moisturizing the scar with gentle, fragrance-free creams can help reduce dryness and itching.
• If a scar becomes very painful, shows spreading redness, pus, or if you develop a fever, seek urgent care or call 911 immediately.
• Most scars improve in appearance over months, but some may remain raised or discoloured; if concerned, consult a healthcare provider.

Recognizing symptoms and danger signs

Understanding how scars change during healing stages helps you notice if recovery is on track or if problems arise. Scars typically evolve from red and raised to flatter and lighter over weeks to months. Mild symptoms during healing include slight redness, tenderness, and occasional itching. These signs are normal and can be managed safely at home.

Moderate symptoms may involve increased redness, swelling, or discomfort that lasts more than a few days. You should avoid scratching or applying unapproved creams, as this can worsen the scar or cause infection. Keep the area clean and protected from sun exposure.

Red flags that suggest an emergency

• Severe pain that does not improve or worsens rapidly
• Heavy bleeding or oozing pus from the scar
• Signs of spreading redness or warmth beyond the scar area
• Fever higher than 38°C (100.4°F) with scar symptoms
• Difficulty moving the affected area or sudden numbness

If you notice any of these danger signs, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency department immediately. Prompt medical attention can prevent serious complications.

Immediate first aid steps

Knowing how scars change during healing stages can help you provide the right care immediately after an injury. Acting quickly and safely at home can reduce the risk of infection and improve healing.

What to do right away

• Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before touching the wound.
• Gently clean the wound with clean, running water to remove dirt and debris.
• Apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth or sterile gauze to stop any bleeding.
• Cover the wound with a sterile dressing or clean cloth to protect it from germs.
• Keep the injured area elevated if possible to reduce swelling.

What to avoid

• Do not use hydrogen peroxide, iodine, or alcohol directly on the wound as they can delay healing.
• Avoid touching or picking at the wound or any scabs that form.
• Do not apply any creams, ointments, or home remedies unless advised by a healthcare professional.
• Do not remove deeply embedded objects; instead, seek medical help immediately.

When to seek urgent care

Call 911 or go to the emergency department if the wound:

• Is deep, gaping, or won’t stop bleeding after 10 minutes of firm pressure.
• Shows signs of infection such as increasing redness, swelling, warmth, or pus.
• Is caused by a bite, rusty or dirty object, or a burn covering a large area.
• Is on the face, hands, feet, or over a joint and may affect movement.
• Is accompanied by numbness, severe pain, or loss of function.

What NOT to do during scar healing

Understanding how scars change during healing stages helps avoid common mistakes that can worsen the outcome. Some actions may delay healing or increase the risk of infection and scarring. It is important to know what to avoid to protect your skin and overall health.

Avoid these unsafe practices

• Do not pick, scratch, or peel scabs or healing skin. This can reopen wounds and cause infection or worse scarring.
• Never apply unapproved substances like household ointments, butter, or toothpaste to wounds. These can irritate the skin or introduce bacteria.
• Do not expose healing scars to direct sunlight without protection. UV rays can darken scars and slow healing.
• Avoid tight clothing or pressure on the scar area, which may cause irritation or delay healing.
• Do not ignore signs of infection such as increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus, or severe pain. These require prompt medical attention.

When to seek urgent care

If you notice any rapidly worsening symptoms like spreading redness, fever, or severe pain, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency department immediately. These signs may indicate a serious infection or complication.

Remember, safe home care supports natural healing. Avoiding harmful actions helps scars heal better and reduces the risk of complications.

When to call 911 or seek urgent care

Understanding how scars change during healing stages can help you decide when to seek medical help. Some wounds heal well at home, but others need urgent attention to prevent complications.

Call 911 immediately if you notice:

• Heavy bleeding that does not stop after 10 minutes of firm pressure
• Signs of shock, such as pale skin, rapid breathing, or loss of consciousness
• Deep wounds with exposed bone, muscle, or organs
• Severe burns covering large areas or involving the face, hands, feet, or genitals
• Sudden weakness, numbness, or difficulty speaking after an injury

Go to the emergency department if you have:

• Wounds with jagged edges or those caused by animal or human bites
• Signs of infection, including increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus, or fever
• Wounds that do not stop bleeding after applying pressure for 10 minutes
• Injuries with foreign objects embedded in the skin
• Concerns about how scars change during healing stages, such as unusual colour or texture changes

Visit a walk-in clinic or family doctor when:

• The wound is minor, clean, and healing well without signs of infection
• You need advice on scar care or prevention
• You require a tetanus booster or other routine care related to the injury

Always avoid trying to remove deeply embedded objects or apply strong chemicals to wounds. When in doubt, it is safer to seek professional care promptly.

Ongoing care and follow-up

After the initial injury or wound, proper ongoing care is essential to support healing and prevent complications. Monitoring your condition at home helps you notice any changes that may require medical attention.

How scars change during healing stages

Scars go through several stages as they heal. At first, the area may look red and swollen. Over weeks to months, the scar usually becomes flatter, lighter, and less noticeable. It is normal for scars to feel tight or itchy during this time.

Safe self-care at home

• Keep the wound clean and dry as advised by your healthcare provider.
• Apply any recommended ointments or dressings gently.
• Protect the scar from direct sunlight to reduce discoloration.
• Use gentle massage with clean hands to improve skin flexibility once the wound has fully closed.
• Maintain a healthy diet and stay hydrated to support healing.

What to avoid

• Do not pick at scabs or scratch the scar, as this can cause infection or worsen scarring.
• Avoid exposing the scar to harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures.
• Do not apply unapproved creams or home remedies without consulting a healthcare provider.

When to seek medical advice

Book a follow-up appointment with your doctor if you notice:

• Increased redness, swelling, or warmth around the wound.
• Persistent pain or discharge, especially if it smells bad.
• Fever or feeling unwell.
• Scar changes such as excessive thickening, hard lumps, or unusual colour.

If you experience sudden severe pain, heavy bleeding, spreading redness, or signs of an allergic reaction, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Prevention tips for better scar healing

Understanding how scars change during healing stages helps you take steps to reduce their appearance and protect your skin. Prevention starts with simple habits at home, work, school, and in the community.

At home

• Keep wounds clean and covered with a sterile dressing to prevent infection.
• Avoid picking at scabs or scratching healing skin, as this can worsen scarring.
• Use gentle moisturizers to keep the skin hydrated and support healing.
• Protect healing skin from sun exposure by wearing clothing or applying sunscreen once the wound has closed.

At work and school

• Wear appropriate protective gear, such as gloves or long sleeves, to prevent cuts and scrapes.
• Follow safety protocols to reduce the risk of injuries that may lead to scars.
• Report any wounds promptly and care for them according to first aid guidelines.

In the community

• Be cautious in environments where falls or injuries are common, like playgrounds or sports fields.
• Encourage safe behaviours and use protective equipment during activities.
• Keep first aid supplies accessible for quick wound care.

Never apply unapproved substances or home remedies to wounds, as these can cause irritation or infection. If a wound shows signs of infection-such as increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus, or severe pain-or if healing is delayed, seek medical attention promptly. Call 911 or go to the emergency department if you experience heavy bleeding that does not stop with pressure, deep wounds, or injuries involving nerves or bones.

FAQs

How do scars change during healing stages?

Scars go through several stages as they heal. At first, they may look red or pink and feel raised. Over weeks to months, scars usually become flatter, paler, and softer. This process can take up to a year or more. Protecting the scar from sun exposure helps prevent darkening.

Can I apply ointments or creams at home?

Yes, keeping a healing wound moist with a simple antibiotic ointment or petroleum jelly is safe and helps prevent infection. Avoid using harsh chemicals or unproven remedies. Always wash your hands before touching the wound.

What should I avoid doing to a healing scar?

• Do not pick at scabs or scratch the area.
• Avoid exposing the scar to direct sunlight without protection.
• Do not apply strong adhesives or irritants.
• Avoid strenuous activities that may reopen the wound.

When should I seek urgent care or call 911?

Call 911 or go to the emergency department if you notice signs of severe infection such as spreading redness, intense pain, swelling, pus, fever, or if the wound is deep and bleeding heavily. Rapid worsening or difficulty moving the affected area also requires urgent medical attention.

Summary

Understanding how scars change during healing stages helps you care for wounds safely at home. Most scars will improve naturally over weeks to months, becoming less red and raised as new skin forms. You can support healing by keeping the area clean, protected from the sun, and moisturized. Avoid picking at scabs or using unapproved treatments, as these can cause infection or worsen scarring.

Watch for signs that need medical attention, such as increasing pain, redness, swelling, pus, or fever. These symptoms may indicate infection and require prompt care. If the wound is deep, bleeding heavily, or shows signs of poor healing, seek urgent medical help. In any life-threatening situation, such as severe bleeding or difficulty breathing, call 911 immediately.

Remember, while most scars heal well with simple care, professional assessment is important if you have concerns about the wound or scar appearance. Early treatment can reduce complications and improve outcomes. Always prioritise safety and do not hesitate to get medical advice when needed.

See also: [wound care basics]

See also: [infection prevention]

See also: [burn first aid]

See also: [when to seek emergency care]

See also: [skin care after injury]

• Health Canada
• Mayo Clinic
• World Health Organization (WHO)
• Canadian Red Cross

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice or emergency care. Always call 911 or your local emergency number in a medical emergency.